Risk factors

Participants’ n (%)

p value

STI

53 (40.7)

0.041*

Circumcision

Traditional

16 (25.4)

0.072

Hospital

39 (68.4)

Group living habits

Camps, streets, inmates and homecare

4 (3.1)

0.918

Saliva sharing behaviours

Sharing drinks

125 (76.7)

0.042*

Toothbrushes

41 (26.6)

0.054

Lip balm

14 (19.2)

0.674

Kissing

100 (76.9)

0.285

Exposure to Children

58 (35.6)

0.180

Blood Transfusion

51 (31.2)

0.007**