Structure/Molecule | Inhibitory Function |
Glial Scar | Inhibitory structure that acts as an absolute barrier for regenerating axons. |
Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans (CSPGs), Ephrins, Semaphorins | Glial scar tissue molecules that inhibit axonal growth. |
Neurocan, Versican, NG2 | Proteins present in CSPGs that are regulated positively after injury to the Central Nervous System in order to block axonal regeneration. |
Sulfated glycosaminoglycan chains | Inhibit axon growth, largely by GTPase Rho. |
Meningeal cells in CNS injuries | Main component of the lesion nucleus that acts as a barrier to axonal growth. |
Myelin | Second largest source of axonal growth inhibitory molecules and stimulated by oligodendrocytes. |
NogoA, Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein (MAG), CSPG versican, Oligodendrocyte myelin glycoprotein (OMgp), Semaphorin 4D | Molecules identified in myelin that lead to axonal inhibition via receptors, such as the Nogo receptor. |