Substance applied

Parity

χ²

p-value

Para 1

Para 2 - 4

≥Para 5

Total

Dusting powder

2 (2.2%)

1 (0.7%)

1 (3.1%)

4 (1.5%)

1.6114

0.4468

Local herbs (nchaonwu)

0 (0%)

2 (1.3%)

1 (3.13%)

3 (1.1%)

2.2956

0.3173

Cowdung

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0.0000

0.0000

Tooth paste (close-up)

4 (4.4%)

7 (4.7%)

3 (9.38%)

14 (5.1%)

1.3523

0.5086

Vaseline

14 (15.4%)

29 (19.3%)

10 (31.25%)

53 (19.4%)

3.8104

0.1488

Hot water

22 (24.2%)

42 (28.0%)

16 (50.0%)

80 (29.3%)

7.8944

0.0193

Methylated spirit

79 (86.8%)

126 (84.0%)

21 (65.6%)

226 (82.8%)

7.8030

0.0202

Chlorhexidine

14 (15.4%)

22 (14.7%)

3 (9.4%)

39 (14.29%)

0.7377

0.6915