| Symbol | Variable name | Definition | Function |
| Y | Industrial structure upgrading grade index | The ratio of the first, second, and third industries to the GDP of the year is multiplied by 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and then summed. |
|
| X | The disparity between urban and rural per capita discretionary income | The difference in income between urban and rural residents is logarithmic |
|
| M1 | Fiscal expenditure | Fiscal expenditure as a percentage of GDP for the current year | Government functions |
| M2 | Investment in fixed assets | Fixed asset investment as a percentage of GDP for the current year | capital |
| M3 | Number of patent applications | The number of patent applications is logarithmic | Technological level |
| M4 | Total import and export volume | Total imports and exports as a percentage of GDP for the year | The level of opening-up to the outside world |