Independent

variables

Dependent variables

d

model 1-1

du

model 1-2

dr

model 1-3

Ln_scale (p)

0.1225024***

(0.000)

0.0963777***

(0.000)

0.006724***

(0.000)

Model F (p)

418.92***

(0.000)

456.39***

(0.000)

30.71***

(0.000)

R²

0.0661

0.0716

0.0052