Name of the Variable

Description

Duration (months)

Survival time

Type of LSPs hypothesis

Firm type

categorical variable: 1 = transportation service providers (TSPs); 2 = warehousing service providers (WSPs); 3 = freight forwarding companies (FFCs); 4 = integrated logistics service providers (ILSPs)

Branch hypothesis

Branch

Dummy variable that takes the value 1 if the LSP is branch and 0 elsewhere

Ownership hypothesis

Ownership

Dummy variable that takes the value 1 if the LSP is foreign-owned and 0 elsewhere

Location hypothesis

Location

Dummy variable that takes the value 1 if the LSP is located to rural area and 0 elsewhere

Timing of entry hypothesis

Entry timing

Categorical variable: 1, 2 and 3 indicate the commercial registration date of LSPs in early-stage (1984-2005), medium-stage (2006-2010) and late-stage (2011-2016) respectively

Size hypothesis

Size

Dummy variable that takes the value 1 for large scale and 0 for small scale