| Data | Model | Normalization | None | Z-standard | Min-Max | MaxAbs (−1, 1) | Quantile Transform | Quantile Normalize |
| Bivariate Normal - Binary Target | Logistic | Total Risk | 0.290 | 0.462 | 0.474 | 0.485 | 0.482 | 0.290 |
| Bias | 0.290 | 0.220 | 0.228 | 0.237 | 0.234 | 0.290 | ||
| Variance | 0.000 | 0.242 | 0.246 | 0.438 | 0.248 | 0.000 | ||
| Noise | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.190 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||
| Variance-Bias Ratio | 0.000 | 1.098 | 1.080 | 1.850 | 1.061 | 0.000 | ||
| Percent Change from Raw | ~ | 159.319 | 163.488 | 167.408 | 166.279 | 100.007 | ||
| Decision Tree | ||||||||
| Total Risk | 0.408 | 0.564 | 0.564 | 0.564 | 0.564 | 0.393 | ||
| Bias | 0.250 | 0.337 | 0.337 | 0.337 | 0.337 | 0.225 | ||
| Variance | 0.158 | 0.227 | 0.227 | 0.348 | 0.227 | 0.168 | ||
| Noise | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.121 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||
| Variance-Bias Ratio | 0.631 | 0.673 | 0.673 | 1.033 | 0.673 | 0.748 | ||
| Percent Change from Raw | ~ | 138.303 | 138.303 | 138.303 | 138.303 | 96.434 | ||
| Random Forest | Total Risk | 0.295 | 0.396 | 0.396 | 0.396 | 0.396 | 0.295 | |
| Bias | 0.286 | 0.207 | 0.207 | 0.207 | 0.207 | 0.286 | ||
| Variance | 0.009 | 0.188 | 0.188 | 0.252 | 0.188 | 0.009 | ||
| Noise | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.064 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||
| Variance-Bias Ratio | 0.032 | 0.909 | 0.909 | 1.215 | 0.909 | 0.033 | ||
| Percent Change from Raw | ~ | 134.241 | 134.241 | 134.241 | 134.241 | 100.002 | ||
| SVM | Total Risk | 0.292 | 0.290 | 0.290 | 0.290 | 0.290 | 0.292 | |
| Bias | 0.287 | 0.290 | 0.290 | 0.290 | 0.290 | 0.288 | ||
| Variance | 0.005 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.005 | ||
| Noise | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||
| Variance-Bias Ratio | 0.016 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.016 | ||
| Percent Change from Raw | ~ | 99.440 | 99.440 | 99.440 | 99.440 | 100.218 | ||
| Gradient Boosting | Total Risk | 0.332 | 0.655 | 0.655 | 0.655 | 0.655 | 0.332 | |
| Bias | 0.249 | 0.540 | 0.540 | 0.541 | 0.540 | 0.249 | ||
| Variance | 0.082 | 0.115 | 0.115 | 0.132 | 0.115 | 0.083 | ||
| Noise | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.018 | 0.000 | 0.000 |