Graft type

Autologous iliac crest

Decorticated local bone

Allograft

DBM

Synthetic sintered ceramics

Deproteinized porous xenograft

Osteoconductive

++

+

+

+

+

++

Osteoinductive

+

+

+/−٭

+*

−

−

Resorption

+

+

−

+

+

+

Biocompatibility

++

++

−

−

++

++

Cost effective

+

+

−

+

−

−

Endogenous growth factors

+

+

+/−

+

−

−

Macroporosity

++

+

+

−

+

++

Large volume availability

−

−

+

+

+

++

Disease transmission risk

−

−

+

+

−

−

Specific surface area

+

+

−

−

−

++