Trace element pollution indices

Formulae

Reference

Degree of Contamination

$\text{DC}={\displaystyle {\sum }_{i=1}^n{C}_f^i}$

(Edet and Offiong, 2002) [15]

Enrichment factor

$\text{ER}=\frac{\left(\text{Ci}/\text{Cie}\right)\text{sample}}{\left(\text{Ci}/\text{Cie}\right)\text{background}}$

(Zhang et al., 2007) [16]

Ecological risk factor

$\text{Eir}=\text{Tri}\times \text{Cfi}$

Håkanson, (1980) [17]

Ecological risk index

$\text{RIi}={\displaystyle {\sum }_{i=1}^n{E}_r^i}$

Håkanson (1980) [17]

pollution load index

$\text{PLI}=\sqrt[n]{C_{f1}\times C_{f2}\times \cdots \times C_{fn}}$

(Harikumar et al., 2009) [18]

Geo-accumulation index

$\text{Igeo}=\text{log2}\left[\text{Ci}/\left(\text{1}.\text{5Cri}\right)\right]$

(Ji et al., 2008) [19]