Series

ADF test stat

5% critical value

Order

Remarks

logGDP

−4.990

−3.568

I(1)

Stationary

logMS

−2.733

−3.574

I(1)

Not stationary

logER

−6.776

−3.558

I(1)

Stationary

logLR

−5.951

−3.563

I(1)

Stationary

logIR

−6.508

−3.563

I(1)

Stationary