Material

Elastic modulus (MPa)

Density (kg/m3)

Damping ratio (%)

Steel rail

200,000

7850

2

Concrete slab

30,000

2400

3

Encapsulation

2.6

1200

5

AC concrete

3

2360

3

Pavement concrete

17,405

2400

3

Fertile soil

15

1600

5

Soil

40

1800

5