manufacturing

labor

capital

technology

direct effect

mar

−0.438***

1.763**

−2.592***

5.83**

jacobs

0.318

−0.044

0.0318

−0.167**

porter

−0.581

−0.35

0.199

2.809**

indirect effect

mar

−0.99

1.406*

0.131

0.884

jacobs

0.641

−0.034

0.077

0.273

porter

2.852

−0.284

1.879

1.55

total effect

mar

−1.428***

3.169**

−2.427

6.714**

jacobs

0.959

−0.078

0.109

0.106

porter

2.271

−0.634

2.08

4.36**