Technology Platform

Data Sources

Analytical Methods

Implementation Challenges

Equity Considerations

Wastewater-Based Epidemiology

Community wastewater samples, Meteorological data

RT-qPCR, Sequencing, Machine learning

Infrastructure requirements, Standardization

Urban-rural coverage gaps, Resource-limited settings

Multiplex Serological Assays

Blood samples, Vaccination records

Bead-based immunoassays, Microarray technology

Cross-reactivity issues, Cost per sample

Access to vulnerable populations, Cultural barriers

Digital Syndromic Surveillance

Social media, Search queries, EHR systems

Natural language processing, Time-series analysis

Privacy concerns, Signal specificity

Digital literacy disparities, Technology access

Climate-Informed Alert Systems

Satellite data, Weather stations, Vector monitoring

Ecological niche modeling, Statistical forecasting

Data resolution limitations, Model validation

Differential vulnerability to climate impacts