Aspect	Key findings	Comparison with traditional interaction	Relevant Research
Technological	Intensive use of online tools, particularly discussion forums	In traditional settings, interactions are typically limited to in-class exchanges and face-to-face discussions.	A study by Lu Kim and al. [12] compared the effectiveness of online and in-class interactions in foreign language learning. The results showed that online interactions fostered more balanced participation and encouraged less confident students to express themselves more, leading to an overall improvement in language proficiency.
Technological	Significant increase in the use of collaborative tools	The use of online tools at IUDI allows students to interact asynchronously, broadening opportunities for exchange and collaboration.
Pédagogique	Regular tutor feedback correlated with improved academic performance.	Teacher feedback is often limited to class moments and written assignments.	Studies such as that byZekaj, R. [13] examined the impact of online pedagogical feedback on student academic performance. The results showed a positive correlation between the frequency of online feedback and students’ assessment scores. There was a significant improvement of 15% in academic performance compared to the previous year, highlighting the effectiveness of online pedagogical interactions in supporting student learning.
Pédagogique	Active participation in online discussions is associated with better assessment scores.	The use of online platforms at IUDI allows tutors to provide regular and personalized feedback, thereby reinforcing student learning outside of class sessions.	A study by Johnson et al. [14] investigated the effect of online pedagogical feedback on the motivation and performance of students in mathematics. The results showed that students receiving regular online feedback were more likely to engage in the learning process and achieve better results in evaluations.
Social	Formation of informal study groups, with a tendency for interaction among peers sharing similar cultural backgrounds.	Social interactions are often influenced by geographical proximity and personal relationships in a traditional environment.	A study by Wang et al. [15] examined patterns of social interaction in online learning environments. The results showed that cultural similarity among participants played a crucial role in the formation of online social networks, highlighting the importance of cultural affinities in virtual interactions.
Social	Natural preference for social interactions with peers sharing similar cultural contexts.	Online interaction at IUDI allows students to form social bonds based on common interests and learning objectives, regardless of geographical boundaries.