Disinfection method

Cost (£/m³)

Chlorine

0.0022 - 0.01

Ozone

0.01 - 0.06

Electrochemically generated mixed oxidants

0.001 - 0.024

Medium pressure ultraviolet (UV)

0.0019

Electrocoagulation (EC, electrochemical)

0.014

Photodynamic disinfection

0.0256

Pulsed electric fields

0.0266

Advanced low-pressure UV

0.204

Titanium dioxide photocatalysis

0.26

Irradiation

0.38

Solar-titanium dioxide photocatalysis

0.45

Hydrodynamic cavitation

0.85