| Author, year of study | Teeth randomization | Teeth free of caries or restorations | Control group | Teeth with similar dimensions | Failure mode | Description of the coefficient of variation | Sample size calculation | Blinding of the operator of the testing machine | Risk of bias |
| Khamverdi et al., 2013 [1] | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (4) |
| Bitter et al., 2014 [2] | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (5) |
| Haragushiku et al., 2015 [3] | N | N | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | High (3) |
| Garcia et al., 2018 [22] | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | N | Medium (4) |
| Suzuki et al. 2019 [23] | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | N | Medium (4) |
| Culhaoglu et al., 2017 [24] | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (5) |
| Alkhudhairy et al., 2018 [25] | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (4) |
| Akman et al., 2016 [26] | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (4) |
| Aljamhan et al., 2021 [27] | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (4) |
| Alkhudhairy et al., 2016 [28] | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (4) |
| Ciapala et al., 2021 [29] | N | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | N | High (2) |
| Erik et al., 2020 [30] | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | N | Low (6) |
| Abrar et al., 2020 [31] | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (5) |
| Seballos et al., 2018 [32] | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | N | N | Y | Medium (5) |
| Arisu et al., 2013 [33] | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (5) |
| Khoroushi et al., 2019 [34] | Y | y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (5) |
| Yu et al., 2017 [35] | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | N | Medium (5) |
| Ertas et al., 2014 [36] | N | N | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | High (3) |
| Elnaghy, 2014 [37] | Y | N | N | Y | Y | N | N | N | High (3) |
| Silva et al., 2021 [38] | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (5) |
| Sheikh Ghaderijani et al., 2021 [39] | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (5) |
| Moura et al. , 2017 [40] | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (4) |
| Afkhami et al., 2022 [41] | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (5) |
| Fan et al., 2017 [42] | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (5) |
| Belizario et al., 2019 [43] | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (4) |
| Jalali et al., 2018 [44] | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | N | Medium (4) |
| Kul et al., 2016 [45] | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (4) |
| Victorino et al., 2016 [46] | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (5) |
| Saricam et al., 2020 [47] | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (4) |
| Alaghemand et al., 2013 [48] | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (5) |
| Yadav et al., 2021 [49] | N | Y | N | Y | N | N | N | N | High (2) |
| Alkahtany, 2022 [50] | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (4) |
| Wan et al., 2020 [51] | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (4) |
| Shafiei et al., 2020 [52] | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | N | Low (6) |
| AlJeaidi, 2020 [53] | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | N | N | N | Medium (4) |