Tube-side (Mean ± SD)

Shell-side (Mean ± SD)

Pass

Temperature (˚C)

Velocity (m/s)

Pressure (kPa)

Temperature (˚C)

Velocity (m/s)

Pressure (kPa)

P1

54.23 ± 0.566d

0.161 ± 0.0646a

101.9 ± 0.0198d

28.89 ± 1.336a

0.104 ± 0.126a

101.6 ± 0.0017a

P2

52.06 ± 0.489c

0.149 ± 0.0692a

101.8 ± 0.0138c

33.94 ± 3.492b

0.033 ± 0.0161a

101.6 ± 0.0061b

P3

50.11 ± 0.589b

0.154 ± 0.0621a

101.5 ± 0.0274b

P4

48.25 ± 0.693a

0.137 ± 0.0628a

101.4 ± 0.0242a

p-value

<0.001

0.932

<0.001

0.008

0.203

< 0.001