Predictors

β

95% CI

P-value

change in R²

Step 1

Grade

−0.119

[−0.060, 0.002]

0.08

Origin

0.05

[−0.043, 0.060]

0.46

0.006

Model 1

PsyCap

0.198

[0.001, 0.003]

0.003**

0.034**

Model 2

self-efficacy

0.015

[−0.006, 0.007]

0.873

resilience

−0.024

[−0.006, 0.004]

0.766

hope

0.275

[0.003, 0.017]

0.006**

optimism

−0.029

[−0.009, 0.007]

0.782

0.047**

Model 3

AM

0.288

[0.007, 0.019]

0.000***

0.077***

Model 4

CM

0.129

[0.000, 0.013]

0.058

0.011

Model 5

Amotivation

−0.255

[−0.021, −0.007]

0.000***

0.06***