| Benefits | Obstacles |
| Teacher efficacy to implement interdisciplinary, student-led, emergent curriculum | Impossible to plan out completely in advance--required flexibility as teachers followed lead of students |
| Brainstormed viable solutions to implement civic action related to garbology issues | Areas students idealistically as challenging, were issues easily solved |
| Students interested, attentive, & intrinsically motivated in memorable, self-directed work worth doing | Students idealistic solutions were not always easy to implement in the real-life community |
| Students engaged in critical thinking, problem-solving, & collaboration skills to help prepare them for 21st-century life, work, & democratic citizenship | PBL implemented by a team of teachers who had to manage extensive blocks of time to plan |