| Visualization Methods | Content and Application Scene | |
| topological structure | cyber network map | node links, online/offline, and accessibility in cyberspace |
| schematic map | connectivity between sites or nodes | |
| cartogram | quantitative differences between regions | |
| human-computer interaction and multi-angle | semantic map | navigation and positioning, semantic information acquisition |
| 3D virtual geographic environment | 3D geometric information and semantic information of different levels of detail about ground objects, supporting geographic simulation calculation or information transmission for smart cities | |
| multi-slice image map | multi-angle and multi-level 3D surface information and object status | |
| organization of big data | text map | organization and expression of massive and unstructured geographic text data for public opinion analysis, city portraits, advertising, etc. |
| hot spot map | organization and expression of incremental data streams to reflect the semantic and location information of high-attention elements | |
| migration map | trajectory and characteristics of population migration | |
| semantic spatialization | metaphor map | ontological characteristics such as the composition, nature, type, and efficacy of objects |
| artistic rendering | hand-painted map | unique cultural themes, historical and cultural information for tourism, advertising, etc. |
| map animation | movement changes of ternary space objects, emphasis enhancement | |