| Hotels | Cruise lines | Airlines | Car rentals |
Multiple day bookings | Averages about two nights | 5 - 7-day trips are most popular | Multiple flight sectors are possible | Multiple days are possible |
Deposit | By credit card upon booking | Full payment 70 days before departure | Full payment for non- refundable discount tickets | None |
No-show rate | Averages 5% | Averages less than 1% | Averages 8% | 20% - 25% |
Late cancellation and no-show penalty | Equal to the first night’s stay, plus taxes | Equal to the entire trip | Equal to the full fare in the case of non-refundable tickets | None |
Holdovers | Averages 6% | None | None | Considerable |
Early departure penalty | Between US$30 and US$75, but not common | Partial refund provided | Non-refundable | None |
Walk-ins | Averages about seven rooms per day | None | Very significant at airport | Very significant especially at airport |
Overbooking | For cancellations, no shows, and early departures | For cancellations only | For cancellations and no shows | For cancellations, no shows, and early returns |
Upgrades | Common | Very common | Common | Very common |
Walks or denied boarding | Averages 10 nights a year | Very rare | About eight per 10,000 enplaned | Common |
Group bookings | Averages 42% | Averages below 40% | Possible for tour groups | Rare |
Attrition clauses | Common | Rare | None | None |
Attrition penalties | Based on agreed room nights | Rare | None | Not applicable |