variable | ADF test | Tcritical statistics | P value | in conclusion | |
5% | 10% | ||||
LnGDP | −2.461 | −2.913 | −2.606 | 0.506 | unstable |
LnSZZ | −2.062 | −2.913 | −2.606 | 0.261 | unstable |
LnTRA | −1.839 | −2.913 | −2.606 | 0.261 | unstable |
LnINDU | −1.954 | −2.913 | −2.606 | 0.306 | unstable |
△LnGDP | −6.723 | −2.913 | −2.594 | 0.000 | stable |
△LnSZZ | −4.449 | −2.913 | −2.594 | 0.007 | stable |
△LnTRA | −7.789 | −2.913 | −2.594 | 0.007 | stable |
△LnINDU | −14.337 | −2.913 | −2.594 | 0.000 | stable |