Parameter

Location

Frequency

Variable source

Stable source

Ideal

Organic color (true color)

Raw and treated

Daily

Weekly

Online

UV absorbance (at 254 nm, UV254)

Raw and filtereda

Daily

Weekly

Online

Chemical oxygen demand (COD)

Raw, treatment processesb and treated

Daily

Weekly

Online

Dissolved or total organic carbon (DOC or TOC)

Raw and treateda

Weekly

Monthly

Online

Specific UV absorbance (SUVA)―calculate from UV254 and DOC

Raw and treateda

Weekly

Monthly

Daily

Inorganic compounds that can enhance the reactivity of NOM to form DBPs:

­ Ammonia

Raw and treated

Quarterly

Quarterly

Quarterly

­ Bromide

Quarterly

Quarterly

Quarterly

­ Iodide

Quarterly

Quarterly

Quarterly

­ Sulphur

Quarterly

Quarterly

Quarterly

Coagulant demand

Coagulation processc

Daily

Daily

Online

Zeta potential or streaming current―when NOM controls or influences coagulant dose

Coagulation processc

Online

Online

Online

Disinfection by-products (DBPs)

Distribution system

Quarterly (measure DOC and inorganic compounds on same day to calculate specific DBP yields to assess NOM reactivity)

Biological stability:

­ Disinfectant residual

Distribution system

Weekly

Weekly

Online

­ Biofilm formation rate―measured by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) accumulated on mild steel coupons

Every two weeks

Monthly

­ Corrosion rate―measured by linear polarization resistance using mild steel coupons

Monthly

Monthly

Influence of NOM on corrosion:

­ Lead

In accordance with corrosion control program

­ Copper

In accordance with corrosion control program