Variable

Unit

Optimal

Suboptimal

No suitable

Average annual temperature

˚C

25 - 30

20 - 25

30 - 35

<20

>35

Altitude

m

0 - 1000

1000 - 1200

>1200

Soil

Types

-Fluvisols

-Luvisols

-Nitisols

-Regosol

-Andosols

-Phaeozem

-Kastanozem

-Cambisols

-Gleysoles (Slope > 5%)

-Vertisoles (Slope > 5%)

-Calcisoles

-Solonchaks

-Leptosols

-Gleysols (Slope < 5%)

-Vertisoles (Slope < 5%)

-Arenosols

Soil texture

Types

Medium

Light

Heavy

Soil Depth

m

<1

1 to 0.5

>50

Soil pH

Indicator

6.0 to 7.0

7.1 to 8.0

<5.5

>8.0

Drainage

Types

Good

15 to 20% of O₂

Medium

5 to 15% of O₂

Deficient

2

Photoperiod

Hours

1000

800

600