Fault

location

Transition resistance Ω

Fault initial angle/(˚)

Fault distance

fault type

Decision result

Line, L1, L2, L3, L4

0

200

500

800

45˚

Distance from bus M 100 km

BC phase short to ground

External

External

External

External

Bus M

0

200

500

800

45˚

Phase an earth fault

Internal

Internal

Internal

Internal