Velocity

(m/s)

Energy

(J)

Height of simulation (m)

Height of impact (m)

Damage model of simulation

Damage mechanisms of impact test

1.40

9.80

0.10

0.18

APC-2: f Ti: 1^st, f

Ti: d; depression: 4.72 mm

1.98

19.60

0.20

0.35

APC-2: f Ti: 1^st and 2^nd, f

Ti: 1^st, d; 3^rd, f; depression: 6.09 mm

2.21

24.42

0.25

0.44

APC-2: f

Ti: 1^st, f,

-

2.30

26.45

0.27

0.48

ballistic limit

-

2.34

27.38

0.28

0.49

p

-

2.43

29.52

0.30

0.53

p

Ti: 1^st, d; 3^rd, f; depression: 7.44 mm

2.80

39.20

0.40

0.71

p

Ti: 1^st, d; 2^nd and 3^rd, f; depression: 8.70 mm

3.13

48.98

0.50

0.88

p

Ti: 1^st, 2^nd and 3^rd, f; depression: 9.56 mm

3.28

53.79

0.55

0.97

p

Near penetration; depression: 10.68 mm

3.43

58.82

0.60

1.06

p

p