,

eV (calculated)

Force Fields

Observed Cosmic Ray

Main Source

3.7 × 10³

photon

(electromagnetism)

7 × 10⁷

(strong)

solar

9.1 × 10¹⁰ (given)

(weak)

galactic SNR

1.7 × 10¹⁵

the first knee

galactic SNR

2.4 × 10¹⁷

the second knee

galactic SNR

3.2 × 10¹⁹

the toe

extragalactic UHECR

4.4 × 10²¹

beyond the GZK limit

not observed

6.0 × 10²³

8.3 × 10²⁵

1.1 × 10²⁸

Planck mass (gravity)