Variables | Type of variable | Measurement | Sign | Related empirical studies |
Dependent | Continuous | Proportion of land allocated for AD tree planting |
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Intensity of AD adoption |
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Independent |
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Sex | Dummy | 1 if head is male, 0 female | + | [35] [36] |
Age | Continuous | Years | +/− | [10] [37] |
Family size | Continuous | Number | −/+ | [38] [39] |
Dependency ratio | Continuous | Number | − | [40] |
Educational level | Continuous | Years | + | [23] [36] [41] |
AD Farm experience | Continuous | Years | + | [10] [42] |
Land acquisition | Dummy | 1 landowned, 0 otherwise | + | [42] [51] |
Training access | Dummy | 1 if there is access, 0 otherwise | + | [42] |
Off farm income | Continuous | Birr | + | [10] [39] |
Livestock holding size | Continuous | Total livestock unit | − | [37] [39] |
Land holding size | Continuous | Hectares | +/− | [37] [38] |
Cooperative | Dummy | 1 if member, 0 otherwise | + | [26] |
Extension access | Dummy | 1 if there is access, 0 otherwise | + | [39] [43] [44] |
Market distance | Continuous | Kilometers | − | [45] |
Road Distance | Continuous | Kilometers | − | [38] [42] |
Access to credit | Dummy | 1 if there is access, 0 otherwise | + | [42] |
Seedling access | Dummy | 1 if there is access, 0 otherwise | + | [37] [38] |
Soil fertility status | Categorical | 1 = low, 2 = medium, 3 = high | − | [38] [42] |