Morphometric Parameters

Formula

References

Basic Parameters

Area of Basin (A) Perimeter of Basin (P)

Plan area of the watershed (km²) GIS

Perimeter of watershed (km) Software analysis

[54]

[54]

Stream order (u)

Basin Length (L_b)

Stream Length (L_u)

Hierarchical rank

Length of basin (km)/GIS software analysis

L_b = 1.321 × A^0.568a

Length of the Stream (km)

[54]

[55] [56]

[46]

[54]

Linear Parameters

Bifurcation ratio (R_b)

Rb = N_u/N_u + 1, where

N_u + 1 = no. of segments of the next higher order

[54]

Drainage density (D_d)

(km/km²)

D_d = L_u/A, Where

L_u + total stream length of all orders (km)

A = area of the watershed (km²)

[54]

Stream frequency (F_u)

(no./km²)

F_u = N_u/A, where

N_u = total no. of steams of all orders

A = area of the basin (km²)

[54]

Texture ratio (T)

(no./km²)

T = N_u/P, where

N_u = total no. of streams of all orders

P = perimeter (km)

[54]

Length of overland flow (km) L_o

L_o = 1/2 D_d, where

D_d = drainage density

[54]

Shape parameters

Form factor (R_f)

R_f =, where

A = area of the basin (km²)

L_b = basin length (km)

[54]

Shape factor (B_s)

B_s =, where

L_b = basin length (km)

A = area of the basin (km²)

[46]

Elongation ratio (R_e)

Re = 1.128, where,

A = area of the basin (km²)

L_b = basin length (km)

[58]

Compactness coefficient (C_c)

, where

P = perimeter of the basin (km)

A = area of the basin (km²)

[54]

Circularity ratio (R_c)

R_c = 4 × ᴨ × A/P², where ᴨ = 3.14

A = area of the basin(km²)

P = perimeter(km)

[57]