Scholar and year

Paradoxical Leadership Connotation

Kauppila & Tempelaar

A leadership behaviour that combines high performance and high support

Waldman & Bowen

Leaders with self-complexity and emotion regulation traits are more able to identify and integrate contradictions

Luo Jinlian et al.

Simultaneous use of integrative and paradoxical thinking

Zhang Tao (1642-1707), Chinese landscape painter and poet

Demonstrate high performance expectations and strong management support to employees

fig. parental (often maternal) love

Leadership behaviors that pursue high performance while providing adequate support to employees