Author and Year

Type of study

(in vitro or in vivo)

Type of vaccine (DNA or protein-antibody)

Type of animal (in vivo studies) and type of cell

Route of administration (in vivo studies)

Results

Conclusion

[11]

Yang et al., 2009.

In vivo

Vaccine DNA

pGJA-P/VAX

Gnotobiotic mice and rats

Intranasal

Increased production of IgG and SIgA. Decreased growth of caries lesions in enamel, dentin light lesions and dentin moderate lesions of 21.1%, 33.0% and 40.9%, respectively.

The production process of pGJA-P/ VAX preparation was efficient. The vaccine showed a high degree of purity and desired efficiency, thereby facilitating future clinical trials of this anticaries DNA vaccine.

[10]

Zhang et al., 2007.

In vivo/in vitro

Vaccine DNA pGJA-P/VAX1

pGJA-P

pGLUA-P

Gnotobiotic hamster/human dendritic cells

Intramuscular/ intranasal

Vaccines pGJA-P/vax1

and pGJA-P induced higher response of salivary and serum antibodies than pGLUA-P. Fewer caries lesions were observed in hamsters immunized with pGJA-P/vax1 and pGJA-P.

The antigen encoded by CTLA-4 associated to DNA vaccine pGJA-P/vax1 can bind specifically to human dendritic cells. Furthermore, this combination increased the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the vaccine.

[9]

Xu et al., 2005.

In vivo

Vaccine DNA pGJA-P/VAX

Mice

Intranasal

Antibody responses induced by pGJA-P/ VAX lasting more than 6 months. Furthermore, the pGJA-P/VAX could still be detected either at the site of inoculation, and in the cervical lymph nodes draining, 6 months after immunization.

The persistent immune responses are probably due to the deposit of DNA into the host, which acts as a booster immunization. Thus, there is a greater immunological memory.

[29]

Xu et al., 2007.

In vivo

Vaccine DNA pGJA-P/VAX

Rats

Intranasal

SIgA response were induced, resulting in reduction of enamel and dentin lesions caused by S. mutans and reduced enamel lesions in individuals infected with S. sobrinus

pGJA-P/VAX induces immune response only to infection by S. mutans, but also provided cross-protection against S. sobrinus strain infection in rats.

[24]

Talbman et al., 1995.

In vivo

CAT or GLU

(specific region of Gtf de S. mutans)

Rats

Infection with the regions of GTF.

Increased of specific serum IgG for Gtf; Significant reduction of caries.

Immunization with peptides derived from functional domains of S. mutans Gtf are protective for infection with S. sobrinus or S. mutans.