Drug | Adults | Children | Common combinations | Possible adverse effects | ||
Daily dose (mg/kg) | Daily dose (mg/kg) | {RHZE} (mg) | {RH} (mg) | {RHE} (mg) |
| |
Isoniazide (H) | 5 (4 - 6) | 10 (10 - 15) | 75 | 75 | 75 | Peripheral neuropathy, liver dysfunction, optic neuritis, toxic psychosis, general convulsions, and rarely symptomatic hepatitis anemia, lupus-like syndrome, or arthralgias Individuals at risk of peripheral neuropathy, should additionally receive pyridoxine, 10 mg daily. |
Rifampicine (R) | 10 (8 - 12) | 15 (10 - 20) | 150 | 150 | 150 | Gastrointestinal reactions and pruritus with or without rash; but fever, influenza-like syndrome and thrombocytopenia can also appear. |
Pyrazinamide (Z) | 25 (20 - 30) | 35 (30 - 40) | 400 | - | - | Gastrointestinal intolerance. |
Ethambutol (E) | 20 (15 - 25) | 20 (15 - 25) | 275 | - | 275 | Used only in adults because it can cause optic neuritis leading to impairment of visual acuity and color vision, blindness, but also ocular toxicity. |
Streptomycin (S) | 15 (12 - 18) | 15 (12 - 18) | - | - | - | Skin rash, cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions, vestibular and auditory dysfunction. |