Parasitic Pathogen | Probiotics studied | Host | Treatment | Efficacy | References |
Cryptosporidium parvum | Lactobacillus (L.) acidophilus NCFM/L. reuteri ATCC23272 | Cell culture | 25% - 50% reduction | [7] [8] | |
L. acidophilus NCFM or L. reuteri 4000, 4020 | Mouse | 7 - 15 days before infection | 50% - 75% reduction | [9] | |
L. reuteri 4000, 4020 | Mouse | 7 - 15 days before infection | 75% - 100% reduction | [10] | |
L. reuteri 4000, 4020 | Mouse | 7 - 15 days before infection | 50% - 75% reduction | [11] | |
L. casei shirota and L. rhamnosus GG | Human | After infection | Clinical case of resolution | [12] | |
Pseudomonas (P.) alcaligenes, Bacillus (B) brevis, Enterococcus (E.) faecium | calf | Concomitant administration & infection | Insignificant effect | [13] | |
B. brevis, E. Faecium & P. alcaligenes | Cell culture | 75% - 100% reduction | [14] | ||
Bifidobacterium longum ATCC 15707 or B. breve ATCC 15698 | Cell culture | 75% - 100% reduction | |||
Actimel/VSL ≠ 3 | Neonatal rat | 0 - 3 days before infection | Insignificant effect | [15] | |
Giardia lamblia | E. faecium SF68 | Mouse | 3 - 7 days before infection | 75% - 100% reduction | [16] [17] |
L. casei MTCC 1423 | Mouse | 3 - 7 days before infection | 75% - 100% reduction | [18] | |
L. Johnsonii LA1 | Gerbil | 3 - 7 days before infection | 50% - 75% reduction | [19] | |
L. Johnsonii LA1 | Cell culture | 75% - 100% reduction | [20] | ||
Giardia duodenalis | Lactobacilli spp. | Human Dendritic Cell culture | Activated through TLR2 released by Lactobacilli spp. | Enhanced activation | [21] |
Ascaris suum | Bifidobacterium lactis (pig isolate) | pig | More than 15 days | Undetermined | [22] |
Shistosoma mansoni | Zymomonas (Z.) mobilis | mouse | 3 - 7 days before infection | 50% - 75% reduction | [23] |
Eimeria tenella/ acervulina | L. acidophilus Lb33ac, L. salivarius Lb 14c7 Lb 16c6 | cell culture | 50% - 75% reduction | [24] | |
Mitogrow | chicken | More than 15 days before infection | 25% - 50% reduction | [25] | |
Primalac | chicken | More than 15 days before infection | 50% - 75% reduction | [26] - [28] | |
Mitomax | chicken | More than 15 days before infection | 25% - 50% reduction | [29] | |
Toxocara canis | E. faecalis CECT 7121 | mouse | 3 - 7 days before infection | 75% - 100% reduction | [30] |
Trichinella spiralis | L. casei ATCC7469 | mouse | 3 - 7 days before infection | 25% - 50% reduction | [31] [32] |