Requirements

hospitals which applied LADG

hospitals which did not apply LADG

No. of responded hospitals = 12

No. of responded hospitals = 5

( n )

( n )

Surgeons’ practical experience

4

Large number of clinical trials

3

2

Safety of procedure

3

Stability of radical treatment

2

2

Shorten operative duration

2

1

Appropriate application of LADG

2

Social recognition

1

Total

17

5