Variable types

Variable name

Symbol

Definition

Dependent variable

EVA performance system

Average Rate of EVA

EVAR

Average EVA/Average total assets

Average Rate of MVA

MVAR

Average MVA/Average total assets

Independent variable

Sustainable growing

Average Rate of sustainable growing

SGR

Average equity growth ratio = Average retained earnings/Initial rights and interests

Government

Average contribution Rate of government

GOVR

Average (tax payment-tax refund received)/Average revenue

Shareholders

Average net assets per share

HOLDER

Average total stockholders’ equity/Average number of ordinary shares

Creditors

Average contribution Rate of creditors

CRER

Average total assets/Average total debts

Suppliers

Average contribution Rate of suppliers

SUPR

Average purchase goods, service paid in cash/Average revenue

Customers

Average contribution rate of customers

CONR

Average operating costs/Average revenue

Staff

Average contribution rate of staff

STAR

Average employee salary payable/Average total assets

Society

Average social contribution value per share

SOC

No disclosure is calculated at zero, disclosed is calculated according to the average of actual number

Control variable

Enterprise scale

INA

Natural logarithm of the average of total assets

Enterprise age

AGE

The number of the enterprises from its listing date until December 31, 2013

Average size of the board of supervisors

JIANSHI

Average number of supervisors

Average proportion of independent directors

DUDONG

Average number of independent directors/The number of board of directors

Average equity balance degree

Z

The sum of shareholder’s stake from 2nd to 5th/Average proportion of the 1st shareholder