Model type

Total element

Total nodes

Ultimate load (KN)

% Difference from experiment

% Difference from Theory

Average difference

Experiment

-

-

25.63

0

2.3%

2.3%

Theoretical data

-

-

26.23

−2.2%

0

-2.2%

C3D8R-1

2382

3361

29.35

−12.6%

−10.6%

−11.6%

C3D8R-2

12184

17816

29.12

−11.98%

−9.9%

−10.94%

C3D8R-3

18954

20472

28.96

−11.49%

−9.4%

−10.46%

C3D8R-4

33624

43615

23.44

9.3%

11.90%

10.6%

C3D8R-5

62307

83392

23.62

8.5%

11.04%

9.77%

C3D8R-6

153824

185995

23.3

9.8%

12.5%

11.15%