Aristolochia taliscana

Roots

Hexane

(−) Licarin A

M. tuberculosis H₃₇Rv or MDR. TB murine model

Low toxicity together with the discrete bacteriostatic activity

[80]

Hypericum species

Aerial parts

Ethanol

Identification needed

M. tuberculosis H₃₇Rv (ATCC 27,294), H₃₇Rv isoniazid-resistant (ATCC 35,822), H₃₇Rv rifampin-resistant (ATCC 35,838), H₃₇Rv ethambutol-resistant (ATCC 35,837), M. fortuitum, M. smegmatis (ATCC 35,798), M. avium (ATCC 35,717), M. chelonaeand four drug-resistant strains. Microplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA)

Potent activity was observed from H. foliosum, H. hircinum subsp. majus, H. grandifolium, H. humifusum and H. elodeswith MICs ranging from 25 to 50 μg/mL. H. elodes and H. hircinum subsp. majus were also active against drug resistant clinical isolates with MICs ranging from 12.5 to 50 μg/mL

[81]

Chamaedorea tepejilote

Aerial parts

Hexane

Ursolic and oleanolic acids

M. tuberculosis H₃₇Rv (ATCC 27294), four mono-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis H₃₇Rv. Modified Microplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA)

Both the compounds showed MIC range from 12.5 μg/mL to

50 μg/mL

[82]

Robinia hispida

Diospyros anisandra

Stem bark

n-hexane

Maritinone and 3,3’-biplumbagin

Two strains of MTB (H₃₇Rv) susceptible and one MDR clinical isolates. Modified Microplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA)

Plumbagin and its dimers maritinone and 3,3’-biplumbagin showed the strongest activity against both MTB strains (MIC = 1.56 - 3.33 μg/mL

[83]

Ranunculi Ternati Radix

Whole plant

Water, 70% ethanol and water eluted part of ethanol extract

Identification needed

H₃₇Rv (ATCC 95054), MDR-TB (2314-2) and XDR-TB strains, Vivo experiments were performed on C57BL/6 mice

70% ethanol eluted part of EE from D101 macroporous resin showed stronger inhibitory effect on MDR2314-2 and XDR1220. MIC 1.0 mg/mL

[84]

Chiness Herble Remidies (CHM)

CHM as an adjuvant to anti-TB chemotherapy may have beneficial effect for MDR-TB

[70]

Andrographis

paniculata

Herbs

Water, methylene chlolride, ethanol, nhexane and ethyl acetate

Identification needed

M. tuberculosis standard strain and MDR strain. Proportion methods using Lowenstein Jensen (L-J) medium

The proportion of inhibition of aqueous extract (2.5

mg/ml) of Rhoeo spathacea was 100% against M. tuberculosis H₃₇Rv and MDR strain.

[85]

Annona muricata

Dried leaves

Centella asiatica

Whole plant

Pluchea indica

Dried leaves

Rhoeospathacea

Dried leaves

Croton tonkinensis

Whole plants or

leaves

---

Diterpenoids including ent-kaurane, kaurane and grayanane

M. tuberculosis H₃₇Ra (ATCC 27,294, H₃₇rv (ATCC 35,835), MDR TB (KMRC 00116-00250), XDR TB (KMRC 00203-00197), (KMRC 00130-00064), (KMRC 00120-00137), (KMRC 00121-00341) and (KMRC 00122-00123, Resazurin Microtitre Assay (REMA)

All the di-terpenoids showed activity against susceptible and resistant strains.

ent-1b,7a,14b-triacetoxykaur-16-en-15-one showed highest activity, MIC-3.125 - 6.25 µg/ml for MDR and XDR strains.

[86]