Plant name (Botanical) | Part Used | Solvent used for extraction | Chemical constituents | Strain and method used | MIC value/Anti-TB activity | Reference |
Prunella vulgaris L. | Whole plant | 20% ethanol | Identification needed | MDR M. tuberculosis, ELISA and RT-PCR | The extract of Prunella vulgaris L. can enhance the cellar immunological Function in rats. | [71] |
Celastrus vulcanicola | Dried leaves | Ethanol | Dihydro-β-agarofuransesquiter penes | H37Rv ATCC 27,294 and clinical isolate, strain 02TBDM039EP097. MTT assay. | α-Acetoxy-6β,9β-dibenzoyloxy-dihydro-β-agarofuran exhibited anti-tuberculosis activity against the MDR TB strain with a MIC value of 6.2 μg/mL | [72] |
Flourensia cernua | Whole plant | n-hexane, ethanol, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and methanol | Identification needed | M. tuberculosis H37Rv (ATCC 27,294 and M. tuberculosis CIBIN/UMF 15:99 MDR strain, Microplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA) | Decoction of F. cernua leaves combined with n-Hex fractionation is more efficient | [73] |
Allium sativum | Cloves | 70% ethanol | Identification needed | 15 MDR and 5 non-MDR MTB isolates of M. tuberculosis | MIC of garlic extract was ranged from 1 to 3 mg/mL | [74] [75] |
Aristolochia brevipes | Root | Dichloromethane | (1) 6α-7-dehydro-N-formylnornantenine; (2) E/Z-N-formylnornantenine; (3) 7,9-dimethoxytariacuripyrone; (4) 9-methoxytariacuripyrone; (5) aristololactam I; (6) β-sitosterol; (7) stigmasterol; and (8) 3-hydroxy-α-terpineol | M. tuberculosis H37Rv (27,294); isoniazid-resistant H37Rv (35,822); streptomycin-resistant H37Rv (35,820); rifampicin-resistant H37Rv (35,838), and etambutol-resistant H37Rv (35,837), Microplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA) | The most active compound against all mycobacterial strains tested was the compound aristolactam I (5), with MIC values ranging between 12.5 and 25 µg/mL | [76] |
Tiliacora triandra | Roots | [77] | Bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids, tiliacorinine 1), 2’-nortiliacorinine 2), and tiliacorine 3) | 59 isolates of MDR M. tuberculosis | All the alkaloids showed MIC 3.1 μg/mL against most MDR-MTB isolates | [67] |
Humulus lupulus | Whole plant (stems, leaves and roots) | Alcohol | Identification needed | Sensitivity and resistant strains of M. tuberculosis | MIC is 4 and 8 mg/mL for sensitive and resistant strains respectively | [78] |
Citrus essential oils | ---
| ---
| Cold pressed terpeneless Valencia oil (CPT) | MTB (ATCC H37Rv), M. bovis BCG (BCG, ATCC Pasteur 35,734), M. avium (ATCC 700,898) and various clarithromycin resistant clinical isolates, M. aviumsubspecies paratuberculosis (ATCC 19,698) and various drug resistant clinical isolates of M. abscessus and M. chelonae | CPT demonstrated potent activity against drug-resistant strains of the M. avium complex and M. abscessus | [79] |
Struthanthus marginatus | Aerial parts | Water hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol | Obtusifoliol, 3-O-n-acil-lup-20(29)-en-3β,7β,15α-triol | M. tuberculosis strains H37Rv (sensitive) and ATCC 35,338 (resistant to rifampicin) by the microdilution method using resazurin as an indicator of cell viability | Obtusifoliol: MIC H37Rv 50 μg/mL, MIC ATCC 35338 12.5 μg/mL; 3-O-n-acil-lup-20(29)-en-3β,7β,15α-triol: MIC H37Rv 200 μg/mL, MIC ATCC 35338 100 μg/mL | [68] |
Struthanthu sconcinnus | Leaves |