Plant name (Botanical)

Part Used

Solvent used for extraction

Chemical constituents

Strain and method used

MIC value/Anti-TB activity

Reference

Prunella vulgaris L.

Whole plant

20% ethanol

Identification needed

MDR M. tuberculosis, ELISA and RT-PCR

The extract of Prunella vulgaris L. can enhance the cellar immunological

Function in rats.

[71]

Celastrus vulcanicola

Dried leaves

Ethanol

Dihydro-β-agarofuransesquiter penes

H37Rv ATCC 27,294 and clinical isolate, strain 02TBDM039EP097. MTT assay.

α-Acetoxy-6β,9β-dibenzoyloxy-dihydro-β-agarofuran exhibited anti-tuberculosis activity against the MDR TB strain with a MIC value of 6.2 μg/mL

[72]

Flourensia cernua

Whole plant

n-hexane, ethanol, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and methanol

Identification needed

M. tuberculosis H37Rv (ATCC 27,294 and M. tuberculosis CIBIN/UMF 15:99 MDR strain, Microplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA)

Decoction of F. cernua leaves combined with n-Hex fractionation is more efficient

[73]

Allium sativum

Cloves

70% ethanol

Identification needed

15 MDR and 5 non-MDR MTB isolates of M. tuberculosis

MIC of garlic extract was ranged from 1 to 3 mg/mL

[74] [75]

Aristolochia brevipes

Root

Dichloromethane

(1) 6α-7-dehydro-N-formylnornantenine;

(2) E/Z-N-formylnornantenine; (3) 7,9-dimethoxytariacuripyrone; (4) 9-methoxytariacuripyrone;

(5) aristololactam I; (6) β-sitosterol; (7) stigmasterol; and (8) 3-hydroxy-α-terpineol

M. tuberculosis H37Rv (27,294); isoniazid-resistant H37Rv (35,822); streptomycin-resistant

H37Rv (35,820); rifampicin-resistant H37Rv (35,838), and etambutol-resistant H37Rv (35,837), Microplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA)

The most active compound against all mycobacterial strains tested was the compound aristolactam I (5), with MIC values ranging between 12.5 and 25 µg/mL

[76]

Tiliacora triandra

Roots

[77]

Bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids, tiliacorinine 1), 2’-nortiliacorinine 2), and tiliacorine 3)

59 isolates of MDR M. tuberculosis

All the alkaloids showed MIC 3.1 μg/mL against most MDR-MTB isolates

[67]

Humulus lupulus

Whole plant (stems, leaves and roots)

Alcohol

Identification needed

Sensitivity and resistant strains of M. tuberculosis

MIC is 4 and 8 mg/mL for sensitive and resistant strains respectively

[78]

Citrus essential oils

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Cold pressed terpeneless Valencia oil (CPT)

MTB (ATCC H37Rv),

M. bovis BCG (BCG, ATCC Pasteur

35,734), M. avium (ATCC 700,898) and various clarithromycin

resistant clinical isolates, M. aviumsubspecies

paratuberculosis (ATCC 19,698) and various drug resistant

clinical isolates of M. abscessus and M. chelonae

CPT demonstrated potent activity against drug-resistant strains of the M. avium complex and M. abscessus

[79]

Struthanthus marginatus

Aerial parts

Water hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol

Obtusifoliol, 3-O-n-acil-lup-20(29)-en-3β,7β,15α-triol

M. tuberculosis strains H37Rv (sensitive) and ATCC 35,338 (resistant to rifampicin) by the microdilution method using resazurin as an indicator of cell viability

Obtusifoliol: MIC H37Rv 50 μg/mL, MIC ATCC 35338 12.5 μg/mL; 3-O-n-acil-lup-20(29)-en-3β,7β,15α-triol: MIC H37Rv 200 μg/mL, MIC ATCC 35338 100 μg/mL

[68]

Struthanthu sconcinnus

Leaves