| Publications | Sequence generation | Allocation sequence concealed | Blinding of participants and personnel | Blinding of outcome assessment | Incomplete outcome data | Selective outcome reporting | Other bias |
| Studies with mothers | |||||||
| 12 | - | - | H | - | L | L | H |
| 13 | - | - | H | - | L | L | H |
| 14 | - | - | L | - | L | L | H |
| 15 | - | - | L | - | L | L | H |
| 16 | - | - | H | - | L | L | H |
| 22 | - | - | H | - | L | L | H |
| 17 | - | - | U | - | L | L | H |
| 18 | - | - | U | - | L | L | H |
| 19 | - | - | H | - | L | L | H |
| Studies with both parents | |||||||
| 20 | - | - | L | - | L | L | H |
| 21 | - | - | H | - | L | L | H |
| 23 | - | - | L | - | L | L | H |
| 24 | - | - | U | - | L | L | H |
| 25 | - | - | H | - | L | L | H |