Type of oxide

FAME or FAEE yield % (1st run to last run)

Runs number

Reference

CaO

CaO from egg shells

95 to 75 for fresh oil

10

[37]

93 to 62 for waste cooked oil

5

CaO from snail shells

95 to 85

6

[40]

CaO

>90 to 70

3

[45]

CaO

Any deactivation

4

[47]

CaO from carbide slag

93.83 to 82.6

5

[55]

CaO

Reduction of 14%

2

[62]

CaO from waste fish scales

98 with no deactivation

6

[66]

CaO from clam shell

>98

2

[84]

CaO microcristallin

90 to 80

4

[85]

Mixed or supported oxides

CaO/ZnO

90

4

[14]

CaO/ZnO

64 to 40 for ethanolysis

>3

[15]

CaO/silicate

100

2

[19]

CaMgO CaZnO

80 for palm oil 70 for jatropha oil

3

[45]

CaO/Mg/Al

85 to 80

5

[78]

CaO-loaded microcapsules

95.5 to 80.9

4

[83]