Variables

Signification

Measure

TFP

Total Factors Productivity

TFP level knowing that the United States is worth 1 (Penn World Table Base)

LFDI

Foreign Direct Investment

Logarithm of incoming FDI flows (Base WDI), transformed by the formula:

FDI 2 = FDI + | min ( FDI ) | 2 + 1

(In order to make them strictly positive)

QTI

Quality of Transport Infrastructures

Synthetic Index of the African Infrastructure Development Index (AIDI)

SIZ

Market size

Average income per capita (WDI basis)

ICT

ICT use

Percentage of people subscribed to mobile telephony (WDI base)

OPE

Opening of the economy

Measured by the report (X + I)/GDP

CAP

Capital structure

Measured by the ratio of physical capital stock to GDP

NRES

Natural resources

Share of natural resources in GDP (WDI basis)

HC

Human capital

Average number of years of study (Penn World Table)

RPR

Respect of property rights

WGI synthetic index

FD

Financial development

Credit volume as a percentage of GDP based on WDI

GRO

Rate of growth

GDP growth rate (WDI basis)

INF

Rate of inflation

Rate of inflation ( WDI basis)

INV

Rate of investissement

Gross fixed capital formation as a percentage of GDP (WDI basis)