Item | Writing confidence items | Pre-test | Post-test | Differences across pre-test and post-test | |||
M | SD | M | SD | Cohen’s D | Sig (p) | ||
1 | Summarize and synthesize information from academic publications when writing academically in English | 3.64 | 0.85 | 5.50 | 0.96 | 2.05 | <0.001 |
2 | Express my ideas clearly when writing academically in English | 3.45 | 1.22 | 5.41 | 1.01 | 1.75 | <0.001 |
3 | Connect my own ideas to existing literature when writing academically in English | 3.36 | 1.00 | 5.36 | 0.95 | 2.05 | <0.001 |
4 | Take the reader’s perspective into account when writing academically in English | 3.32 | 1.36 | 5.05 | 1.09 | 1.40 | <0.001 |
5 | Structure and organize my text clearly when writing academically in English | 3.55 | 1.37 | 5.23 | 1.07 | 1.37 | <0.001 |
6 | Use a wide variety of sentence structures when writing academically in English | 2.77 | 1.15 | 4.50 | 1.57 | 1.26 | <0.001 |
7 | Review and revise/improve my text when writing academically in English | 3.73 | 1.49 | 5.18 | 1.10 | 1.11 | <0.01 |
8 | Build up a logical and coherent argument when writing academically in English | 3.64 | 1.29 | 5.27 | 0.99 | 1.42 | <0.001 |
9 | Write persuasively when writing academically in English | 3.55 | 1.14 | 5.05 | 1.13 | 1.32 | <0.001 |
10 | Write critically when writing academically in English | 3.45 | 1.47 | 4.82 | 1.22 | 1.01 | <0.01 |