| Kirk et al., 2004 [34] | United Kingdom | 70 | 57.6 (7.9) | One-to-one physical activity counselling | Usual care | No | 2 sessions of counselling and 4 follow-up calls in 12 months | 30 | 12 | 14.3 intervention group; 17.1 control group | Physical activity; stage of exercise behavior change; processes of exercise behavior change |
| Look ahead group, 2014 [35] | USA | 5145 | 58.6 (6.8) | Group and individual counselling on physical activity and reductions of fat intake | Group sessions focused on diet, physical activity and social support | Yes | 1 session for week in the first 6 months, 3 sessions per month in the subsequent 6 months and 2 sessions per month for the subsequent 84 months in the intervention group 3 sessions per year in the first 48 months and one session per year in the subsequent 48 months in the control group | 60 - 75 group sessions; 20 - 30 individual sessions | 96 | 10.1 intervention group; 11.7 control group | Weight; physical activity level; calories and fat intake; meal replacement; monitored weight |
| Plotnikoff et al., 2013 [36] | Canada | 287 | 61.6 (11.8) | (i) standard physical activity educational material and stage-based, print materials developed to address issues specific to the physical activity stage in which they were currently assessed (ii) standard physical activity educational material and stage-based, print materials developed to address issues specific to the physical activity stage in which they were currently assessed plus telephone counselling | Standard physical activity educational material | No | (ii) 1 call per week in the first month; 2 call per month in the subsequent month and 1 call per month for the next 10 months | (ii) 15 | 12 | (i) 33.0 intervention group; (ii) 29.2 intervention group 16.0 control group | Physical activity level; HbA1c; BMI; c-reactive protein; blood insulin; fasting blood glucose; HDL cholesterol; LDL cholesterol; triglycerides; HRQOL |
| Plotnikoff et al., 2011 [37] | Canada | 96 | 60 | Diabetes education program and individualized physical activity counselling and prescription | Diabetes education program | No | 2 sessions per week, control group; 2 sessions per week in the first 4 weeks, two sessions per month in the subsequent 10 week and one session per month in the next 10 weeks, intervention group | Not reported | 6 | 12.2 control group; 4.3 intervention group | Physical activity level; HbA1c; aerobic fitness; fasting blood glucose; c-reactive protein; microalbumin; albumin to creatine ratio; CV risk factors; insulin; oral antidiabetic agents |
| Plotnikoff et al., 2010 [38] | Canada | 8 | 59.5 (6.5) | Peer physical activity counselling delivered by phone | Not present | No | 1 per week | 10 - 15 | 3 | Not reported | Qualitative data on physical activity; physical activity related social, cognitive and behavioral measures; |
| Wadden et al., 2009 [39] | USA | 5145 | 58.6 (6.8) | Group and individual counselling on physical activity and reductions of fat intake | Group sessions focused on diet, physical activity and social support | Yes | 1 session for week in the first 6 months, 3 sessions per month in the subsequent 6 months in the intervention group 3 sessions per year in the control group | 60 - 75 group sessions; 20 - 30 individual sessions | 12 | 2.9 intervention group; 4.3 control group | Weight; behavioral adherence |
| Yoo et al., 2007 [40] | South- Korea | 48 | 55.2 (7.3) | Education and counselling on diet and exercise | Educational group session | Yes | 1 session per week | 60 | 9 | Not reported | Fasting blood glucose; HbA1c; weight; BMI; visceral fat |