| Eakin et al., 2013 [27] | Australia | 302 | 58.0 (8.6) | Telephone counselling focused on physical activity and reducing energy intake; workbook of the activities | Usual care | Yes | 1 session a week in the first month; 1 session every 2 weeks for the subsequent 5 months | 28.2 | 6 | 12.6 intervention group; 7.3 usual care group | Weight; physical activity; HbA1c; energy intake; diet quality |
| Fowles et al., 2014 [28] | Canada | 180 | 62.4 (10.5) | (i) one-to-one physical activity counselling, educational workshops and combined aerobic and resistance training classes, provided by a kinesiologist in a diabetes center; (ii) exercise counselling and resistance exercise Instruction provided by a kinesiologist in a diabetes center, and exercise classes organized in a gym; (iii) exercise counselling and resistance exercise Instruction provided by a diabetes educator and exercise classes provided by a kinesiologist in a diabetes center | Not present | No | Not reported | Not reported | 6 | 44.5 | Physical activity; exercise participation; perceptions of efficacy; perceived fitness and health; weight, fasting blood glucose; HbA1c |
| Fowles et al., 2014 [29] | Canada | 198 | 59.0 (10.4) | Single counselling appointment from a diabetes educator | Single standard care counselling session | No | 1 session | Not reported | 6 | 52.0 | Physical activity; exercise participation; perceptions of efficacy; perceived fitness and health; BMI; waist circumference; systolic and diastolic blood pressure; fasting blood glucose; HbA1c; triglycerides; total cholesterol; HDL cholesterol; LDL cholesterol |
| Gregg et al., 2012 [30] | USA | 5145 | 58.9 (6.8) | Group and individual counselling on physical activity and reductions of fat intake | Group sessions focused on diet, physical activity and social support | Yes | 1 session for week in the first 6 months, 3 sessions per month in the subsequent 6 months and 2 sessions per month for the subsequent 36 months in the intervention group 3 sessions per year in the control group | Not reported | 48 | 12.5 | Fasting blood glucose; HbA1c |
| Kang et al., 2010 [31] | South- Korea | 123 | 46.3 (5.7) | Face-to-face counselling and email lifestyle program | General Information on health | Yes | 5 sessions in 12 weeks and 1 email every 3 weeks for 30 weeks | 20 - 30 | 24 | 8.7 in the intervention group | Weight; BMI; waist circumference; systolic and diastolic blood pressure; fasting blood glucose; HbA1c; total cholesterol, LDL choles terol; HDL cholesterol; insulin resistance |
| Kirk et al., 2009 [32] | United Kingdom | 134 | 61.1 (10.2) | (i) Person delivered physical counselling (ii) Written delivered physical counselling | Usual care | No | 6 sessions in 12 months | (i) 30 | 12 | (i) 10.6 intervention group; (ii) 17.3 intervention group; 11.4 control group | Physical activity level; HbA1c; total cholesterol; HDL cholesterol; medication; waist circumference; BMI; systolic and diastolic blood pressure |
| Kirk et al., 2004 [33] | United Kingdom | 70 | 57.6 (7.9) | One-to-one physical activity counselling | Usual care | No | 2 sessions of counselling and 4 follow-up calls in 12 months | 30 | 12 | 14.3 intervention group; 17.1 control group | Physical activity; BMI, blood pressure; HbA1c; total cholesterol; HDL cholesterol; LDL cholesterol; triglycerides; fibrinogenon; t-PA |