| Author | Term | Definitions |
| | Mobbing | “Hostile and unethical communication which is directed in a systematic way by one or a number of persons mainly toward one individual. There are also cases where such mobbing is mutual until one of the participants becomes the underdog. These actions take place often (almost every day) and over a long period (at least for six months) and, because of this frequency and duration, result in considerable psychic, psychosomatic and social misery”. |
| | Bullying at work | “Persistent, offensive, abusive, intimidating, malicious or insulting behaviour, abuse of power or unfair penal sanctions, which makes the recipient feel upset, threatened, humiliated or vulnerable which undermines their self-confidence and which may cause them to suffer stress”. |
| | Mobbing | “A social interaction through which one individual (seldom more) is attacked by one or more (seldom more than four) individuals almost on a daily basis and for periods of many months, bringing the person into an almost helpless position with potentially high risk of expulsion”. |
| | Mobbing at work | “Harassing, bullying, offending, socially excluding someone or assigning offending work tasks to someone in the course of which the person confronted ends up in an inferior position” |
| | Workplace bullying | “Workplace bullying refers to a process in which the victim is subjected to a series of systematic stigmatizing attacks from a fellow worker or workers which encroach on his or her civil rights” |
| | Bullying | “Repeated and persistent negative acts that are directed towards one or several individuals, and which create a hostile work environment. In bullying the targeted person has difficulties defending himself; it is therefore not a conflict between parties of equal strength”. |
| | Cyberbullying | “An aggressive, intentional act carried out by a group or individual, using electronic forms of contact, repeatedly and over time against a victim who cannot easily defend him or herself” |
| | Bullying at work | “Harassing, offending, or socially excluding someone or negatively affecting someone’s work. In order for the label bullying (or mobbing) to be applied to a particular activity, interaction, or process, the bullying behavior has to occur repeatedly and regularly (e.g., weekly) and over a period of time (e.g., about six months). Bullying is an escalating process in the course of which the person confronted ends up in an inferior position and becomes the target of systematic negative social acts. A conflict cannot be called bullying if the incident is an isolated event or if two parties of approximately equal strength are in conflict. |
| | Workplace cyberbullying | “A situation where over time, an individual is repeatedly subjected to perceived negative acts conducted through technology (e.g. phone, email, web sites, social media) which are related to their work context”. |
| | Workplace bullying | “Repeated manners directed at one or more employees that cause embarrassment, violation, and suffering, and that may affect job accomplishment such that the negative actions could steer to a hostile working environment. Furthermore, the bullying behavior ought to place victims in an inferior standpoint where defending themselves turn out to be difficult. However, such conduct includes bullying, public humiliation, intimidation, unpleasant name-calling, demeaning of one’s opinion, social exclusion, and annoying physical contact”. |