Urinalysis | Prevalence (%) | |||||
Nsukka | Otukpo | Gboko | Kastina Ala | Overall | ||
Blood | 1 (1.7%) | 4 (3.2%) | 3 (4.3%) | 3 (4.3%) | 8 (1.6) | |
Urobilinogen | 6 (3.3%) | 3 (2.4%) | 1 (1.4%) | 1 (1.4%) | 10 (2.0) | |
Bilirubin | 14 (8.3%) | 8 (6.4%) | 7 (10%) | 7 (10%) | 33 (6.8) | |
Protein | 59 (35%) | 20 (16%) | 22 (31.4%) | 22 (31.4%) | 111 (22.7) | |
Nitrite | 14 (8.3%) | 14 (11.2%) | 1 (1.4%) | 1 (1.4%) | 36 (7.4) | |
Ketone | 23 (13.3%) | 1 (0.8%) | 3 (4.3%) | 3 (4.3%) | 31 (6.4) | |
Ascorbic acid | 42 (25%) | 17 (13.6%) | 20 (28.6%) | 20 (28.6%) | 86 (17.6) | |
Glucose | 1 (1.7%) | 6 (4.8%) | 11 (15.7%) | 11 (15.7%) | 22 (4.5) | |
pH | Acidic | 138 (81.7%) | 84 (67.2%) | 25 (35.7%) | 25 (35.7%) | 292 (59.8) |
Neutral | 62 (36.7%) | 34 (27.2%) | 22 (31.4%) | 22 (31.4%) | 142 (29.1) | |
Alkaline | 23 (13.3%) | 7 (5.6%) | 22 (31.4%) | 22 (31.4%) | 53 (10.9) | |
|
| N = 223 | N = 126 | N = 70 | N = 70 | N = 489 |