Pre-clinical studies | Step 1: Screening for new clinical entities |
Pre-clinical studies | Step 2: Discovering of new chemical entities |
Pre-clinical studies | Step 3: Animal pharmacology: toxicity and re-productivity |
Pre-clinical studies | Step 4: Toxicity studies: embryo-fetal and perinatal: mutagenicity and carcinogenicity |
Pre-clinical studies | Step 5: Chemical, pharmaceutical and biological testing |
Clinical studies | Step 6: Phase I: bio-availability: healthy volunteers. |
Clinical studies | Step 7: Phase II: dose ranging—patents |
Clinical studies | Step 8: Phase III: safety and efficacy |
Clinical studies | Step 9: Launch |