Symbols used

A

-

binary variable

a

-

coefficient in the matrix

A_{L × I}

-

matrix of input data

A_H

[m²]

surface of the heater

A_C

[m²]

surface of the cooler

A_EX

[m²]

surface of the heat exchanger

B

-

binary variable

CF

[kW・K⁻¹]

heat flow

C_P

[J・(kg・K)⁻¹]

heat capacity

C

[EUR・kg⁻¹], [EUR・(GJ)⁻¹]

price of raw materials, products and UC

ddv

[%]

tax

E

[kWh・a⁻¹]

energy productivity

H

[kJ・mol⁻¹]

standard reaction enthalpy

I₀

[kEUR]

investment of process units

k

-

mass conversion

k_H

[kW・(K・m²)⁻¹]

heat transfer coefficient of the heater

k_C

[kW・(K・m²)⁻¹]

heat transfer coefficient of the cooler

k_EX

[kW・(K・m²)⁻¹]

heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger

M

[kg・kmol⁻¹]

molar mass

M_B

[m²], [m³], [kW] [kEUR・a⁻¹]

the big-M

qm

[kg・h⁻¹]

mass flow

Q_C

[kW]

consumption of cold UC

R_m

[kJ・(kmol・k)⁻¹]

general gas constant

R_H

[kW・k⁻¹]

consumption of hot UC

P

[bar]

pressure

P

[kW]

power

UC

[kWh・a⁻¹]

consumption of utility

t

[h], [a]

time

T

[˚C], [˚K],

temperature

V

[m³]

volume

Z

-

binary variable

Z

[kEUR・a⁻¹]

maximized annual profit

X

-

molar yield

y

-

binary variable

y_{I × I}

-

matrix of binary variables

AMORT

[kEUR・a⁻¹]

cost of amortization of process units

odh

[kEUR・a⁻¹]

expenses

O PER

[kEUR・a⁻¹]

additional operating costs

prod

[kEUR・a⁻¹]

income of the sale of products

prod_steam

[kEUR・a⁻¹]

sale of medium pressure steam

prih

[kEUR・a⁻¹]

incomes

PROF

[kEUR・a⁻¹]

annual profit

raw

[kEUR・a⁻¹]

cost of raw materials

TAXE

[kEUR・a⁻¹]

emission taxes