| Full-panels | Less-liberal (RF ≤ 0.5) | Moderate-liberal (0.5 ≤ RF ≤ 0.75) | High-liberal RF (≥0.75) | ||||
τ = 0.75 | τ = 0.90 | τ = 0.75 | τ = 0.90 | τ = 0.75 | τ = 0.90 | τ = 0.75 | τ = 0.90 | |
TROP | −0.248*** (0.042) | −0.245*** (0.055) | 0.213*** (0.090) | 0.244** (0.114) | 0.404*** (0.102) | 0.512*** (0.122) | −0.257*** (0.043) | −0.199*** (0.055) |
HDI | 2.513*** (0.198) | 2.768*** (0.187) | 3.045*** (0.296) | 3.092*** (0.322) | 0.809*** (0.332) | 0.438 (0.474) | 5.058*** (0.208) | 5.457*** (0.244) |
DR | −0.027*** (0.004) | −0.031*** (0.006) | 0.001 (0.008) | −0.003 (0.011) | −0.007 (0.009) | −0.006 (0.011) | −0.075*** (0.006) | −0.081*** (0.009) |
AR | 0.027*** (0.004) | 0.033*** (0.006) | −0.004 (0.009) | 0.001 (0.012) | 0.012 (0.009) | 0.012 (0.012) | 0.073*** (0.007) | 0.079*** (0.009) |
RF | 0.530*** (0.119) | 0.698*** (0.164) | −0.338 (0.279) | −0.121 (0.367) | −1.672*** (0.495) | −2.029*** (0.580) | 1.158*** (0.189) | 1.049*** (0.241) |
PG | 0.125 (0.121) | −0.132 (0.160) | 0.005 (0.195) | −0.369 (0.257) | 1.581*** (0.234) | 1.537*** (0.288) | −0.514*** (0.085) | −0.551*** (0.112) |
SG | 1.258*** (0.085) | 0.972*** (0.079) | 1.181*** (0.157) | 1.313*** (0.207) | 1.054*** (0.217) | 1.227*** (0.254) | 1.286*** (0.115) | 1.055*** (0.143) |
FG | 0.433*** (0.051) | 0.402*** (0.067) | 0.168*** (0.076) | 0.207** (0.097) | 0.473*** (0.119) | 0.454*** (0.143) | 0.751*** (0.065) | 0.693*** (0.086) |
INFR | 0.027** (0.012) | 0.042*** (0.016) | −0.046 (0.031) | −0.055 (0.041) | 0.065** (0.032) | 0.069* (0.040) | −0.045*** (0.011) | −0.037*** (0.013) |
EXTD | −0.222*** (0.021) | −0.257*** (0.030) | −0.185*** (0.045) | −0.186*** (0.062) | −0.297*** (0.109) | −0.229* (0.139) | −0.176*** (0.009) | −0.190*** (0.012) |
TP | −0.023 (0.018) | −0.012 (0.023) | −0.069** (0.032) | −0.026 (0.040) | −0.150*** (0.042) | −0.135*** (0.053) | 0.056*** (0.013) | 0.059*** (0.016) |
EUI | 0.151 (0.115) | 0.258* (0.159) | −0.312* (0.207) | −0.298 (0.260) | −0.169 (0.255) | −0.221 (0.318) | −0.144** (0.076) | −0.052 (0.095) |
Constant | 2.363*** (0.504) | 4.163*** (0.664) | 5.777*** (0.784) | 6.531*** (0.998) | 1.508 (1.044) | 1.499 (1.298) | 0.032 (0.505) | 1.222** (0.618) |
No. of countries | 117 | 117 | 21 | 21 | 25 | 25 | 71 | 71 |
No. of obs. | 1539 | 1539 | 306 | 306 | 472 | 472 | 761 | 761 |