Cell | Resting Membrane Potential |
Astrocytes | 20 mV higher than surrounding neurons [6] |
Large peripheral nerve fibers | −90 mV [7] |
Ventricular myocyte | −90 mV [8] |
Nerve | −85 mV to −90 mV [7] [9] |
Heart | −85 mV [9] |
Glial syncytium | −80 mV to −90 mV [6] |
Skeletal Muscle | −80 mV to −90 mV [7] |
Spinal motor neuron | −65 mV [7] |
All of soma | −65 mV [7] |
Layer 5 pyramidal neuron | −60 mV to −80 mV [10] |
Neutrophils | −60 mV [11] |
Intestinal smooth muscle | −50 mV to −60 mV―average is −56 mV [7] |
Olfactory cells (unstimulated) | −55 mV [7] |
Primary Tracheobronchial Human Epithelia-Basolateral | −34 mV [11] |
Liver | −28 mV to −40 mV [9] |
Primary Tracheobronchial Human Epithelia-Apical | −24 mV [11] |
Human Erythrocyte | −8.4 mV to −4.5 mV [9] [12] |
Cellular resting membrane potential ranges from −90 mV (large peripheral nerve fibers) to −4.5 mV (red blood cell) but does not result from unbalanced ionic phase flow. Instead it measures the required work to move ions between phases [9] . There is a lack of evidence to support membrane potential in alveolar epithelial cells due to a lack of adequate culture models and complicated anatomy [11] . |